Quantitative analysis of macular capillaries in diabetic patients using optical coherence tomography angiography / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To quantify early changes of macular capillary parameters in type 2 diabetic patients using optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA).METHODS: Retrospective case study. A total of 49 healthy subjects, 52 diabetic patients without retinopathy(noDR)patients, and 43 mild nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy(mNPDR)patients were recruited. Capillary perfusion density, vessel length density(VLD), and average vessel diameter(AVD)were calculated from macular OCTA images(3 mm×3 mm)of the superficial capillary plexus after segmenting large vessels and the deep capillary plexus. Parameters were compared among control subjects, noDR, and mNPDR patients. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve estimated the abilities of these parameters to detect early changes of retinal microvascular networks.RESULTS: Significant differences were found in the VLD and AVD among the three groups(P<0.001). Compared with the control group, the noDR group had significantly higher AVD(P<0.05). VLD of both layers in patients of mNPDR group was significant decreased compared with that of noDR group(all P<0.01). Deep AVD had a higher area under the curve(AUC)of 0.796 than other parameters to discriminate the noDR group from the healthy group. Deep AVD had the highest AUC of 0.920, followed by that of the deep VLD(AUC=0.899)to discriminate the mNPDR group from the healthy group.CONCLUSIONS: NoDR patients had wider AVD than healthy individuals and longer VLD than mNPDR patients in both layers. When compared with healthy individuals, deep AVD had a stronger ability than other parameters to detect early retinal capillary impairments in noDR patients.

Study on in vitro differentiation of human adenoid-derived mesenchymal stem cells into olfactory sensory neurons / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective: To investigate the feasibility of isolation and culture of human adenoid-derived mesenchymal stem cells (aMSCs) in vitro, and to observe the differentiation of aMSCs into olfactory sensory neurons. Methods: Adenoid tissues surgically removed from children with adenoid hypertrophy in the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from September to November of 2020 were collected. The adenoid tissues were digested and isolated by trypsin and then cultured with adhesion method. The expressions of cell surface antigens CD45, CD73 and CD90 on aMSCs of P5 generation were tested by flow cytometry, and the ability of osteogenic and adipogenic induction were used to identify cell differentiation ability. Then, aMSCs were induced into differentiation by retinoic acid (RA), sonic hedgehog (SHH), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), RA+SHH, RA+bFGF, SHH+bFGF and RA+SHH+bFGF, respectively. The morphology of differentiated cells was observed under inverted microscope. The expression of β-tubulin 3, which was the specific marker of sensory neuron, the expressions of growth associated protein-43 (GAP43) and olfactory maker protein (OMP), which were the specific markers of olfactory sensory neuron, were detected by immunofluorescence antibody assay. The expression intensities were compared by Chi-square test of four-grid table data. Results: aMSCs were successively isolated and cultured from human adenoid tissues. P0 cells generation had good adhesion and proliferation performance. P2 cells were basically purified. P5 cells expressed CD73 and CD90 with the purity of 99.3% and 99.75% respectively, without CD45 expression. P5 cells had a good ability of osteogenic differentiation and adipogenic differentiation. Neuron-like morphology and expression of β-tubulin 3 were found in differentiated cells after induced by RA, SHH, or bFGF, respectively. An induction of expression of GAP43 was found in differentiated cells of bFGF+SHH group and RA+SHH+bFGF group, without expression of OMP of each group. The intensity of GAP43 expression of RA+SHH+bFGF group was stronger than that of bFGF+SHH group (χ2=17.48, P<0.005). Conclusions: aMSCs can be cultured from human adenoid tissues, with the stably passaged and good differentiation ability. As a new population of mesenchymal stem cells, aMSCs have the neuroregenerative properties and could differentiate into immature olfactory sensory neurons under the induction of RA+SHH+bFGF in vitro.

Role of androgen receptors in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma / 上海预防医学

Hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） has emerged as a significant public health concern， posing a serious threat to the lives and health of residents in China. Furthermore， the incidence and mortality rates of HCC are notably higher in males than in females. Androgen receptors （AR） can contribute to the occurrence of male-specific cancers such as prostate cancer， suggesting a potential link to the increased susceptibility of males to HCC. Elucidating the cancer-promoting mechanism of AR and developing specific targeted interventions are effective ways to advance tertiary prevention of HCC and improve patient prognosis. This paper reviews the relevant evidence of AR’s role in promoting the occurrence and development of HCC， summarizes relevant mechanisms discovered to date， including promoting the stemness of HCC cells， altering the immune microenvironment， regulating key signaling pathways， inducing glycolysis in hepatocellular carcinoma， and synergizing with hepatitis B virus to promote HCC. Additionally， research directions for targeted interventions in HCC through AR-related signaling pathways are discussed.

A case of Poirier-Bienvenu neurodevelopmental syndrome associated with CSNK2B gene shear variation and literature review / 中华神经科杂志

Objective:To summarize the clinical phenotype and genetic characteristics of Poirier-Bienvenu neurodevelopmental syndrome associated with CSNK2B gene variation. Methods:The clinical and genetic data of a child with Poirier-Bienvenu neurodevelopmental syndrome caused by shear variant of CSNK2B gene who was diagnosed in the Department of Neurology, Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University in March 2022 were collected. Previous relevant literature at home and abroad was reviewed to summarize the clinical characteristics of the disease. Results:The child was a girl aged 13 months, mainly due to "intermittent convulsions for 2 months" for consultation. The clinical manifestations of the girl were normal face, generalized tonic-clonic seizures, low intelligence, language and motor retardation, and there was no abnormality in the long-range video electroencephalography and the head magnetic resonance imaging. No abnormality was found in chromosome karyotype analysis and chromosome coefficient of copy variation analysis. The whole exon gene sequencing test indicated that the child carried de novo heterozygous shear variant of CSNK2B gene c.291+5G>C, which had not been reported in the literature. According to the clinical manifestations and genetic examination results of the child, the diagnosis of Poirier-Bienvenu neurodevelopmental syndrome was clear. The CSNK2B gene of the proband′s parents and the twin sister was wild-type. The application of sodium valproate anti-seizure medication could effectively control the seizures of the child, and by giving rehabilitation function training, the child′s language and gross motor function was improved. Conclusions:The Poirier-Bienvenu neurodevelopmental syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disorder caused by variants in the CSNK2B gene. The clinical manifestations are infancy-onset seizures, intellectual development disorders, language and motor development disorders, etc, and the video electroencephalogram and skull magnetic resonance are mostly normal. The CSNK2B gene shear variant is the genetic etiology of the proband.

Effects of modified posterior nasal nerve neurectomy combined with accessory posterior nasal nerve neurectomy on controlling intractable allergic rhinitis / 中南大学学报(医学版)

Objective: A subset of intractable allergic rhinitis (iAR) patients experience severe symptoms which cannot be effectively controlled by standard drug therapy and/or antigen specific immunotherapy. In recent decades, endoscopy vidian neurectomy and posterior nasal nerve neurectomy (PNNN) were introduced as treatments of iAR that have shown to be highly successful at symptom management in a number of patients. But some patients experience relapse or suboptimal symptom control postoperation. To improve the effectiveness of PNNN to control iAR, a modified PNNN surgical approach (mPNNN) combined with accessory posterior nasal nerve neurectomy (aPNNN), which called as mPNNN-aPNNN was used. This study aims to compare the effects between mPNNN-aPNNN and PNNN on controlling the symptoms of iAR and evaluate the surgical effectiveness and safety of mPNNN-aPNNN. Methods: The patients with iAR experienced mPNNN-aPNNN or PNNN surgery at the department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University from January 2018 to December 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. The approach of PNNN, a selective resection of the posterior nasal nerve branches, was modified to the neurectomy of total branches of posterior nasal nerve at the sphenopalatine foramen, and combined the operation of aPNNN in which the accessory posterior nasal nerve at the palatine bone perpendicular plate was resect in our study. Daily Nasal Symptom Scores (DNSS), Total Rhinitis Medication Score (TRMS), and the Rhinoconjunctivitis Qualities of Life Questionnaires Scores (RQLQS) were used to evaluate the complications during the operation and after the operation at the 3rd, 6th, 12th, and 24th month postoperatively. Total Nasal Symptom Scores (TNSS) was used to assess the total effective rate and markedly effective rate of the operations. Results: A total of 140 iAR patients experienced mPNNN-aPNNN or PNNN. Those with concomitant septoplasty and/or inferior turbinate reduction, and were absent during the postoperative follow-up were excluded. The final 62 patients with mPNNN-aPNNN and 34 with PNNN were enrolled. DNSS, TNSS, TRMS, and RQLQS at the postoperation were significantly improved compared with the preoperation in all patients (all P<0.001). Compared with PNNN, the postoperative DNSS, TNSS, and TRMS of mPNNN-aPNNN were obviously improved (all P<0.001). There was a persisted relief of symptoms at the postoperation in all patients with mPNNN-aPNNN. The total effective rate and markedly effective rate at the postoperative 24th month were 100％ and 83.3％, respectively. Furthermore, the postoperative RQLQS decreased significantly (P<0.001). Only 5 sides of all patients (5/192, 2.6％) reported upper palate numbness during the first week after operation, with all recovered spontaneously in 1 month without treatment. No other postoperative complications occurred in mPNNN-aPNNN and PNNN.Conclusion: The surgery of mPNNN-aPNNN improve TNSS more significantly than PNNN. The operation of mPNNN-aPNNN is safe and effective to control iAR symptoms.

Research Progress on the Application of Human Oral Microbiome in Forensic Individual Identification / 法医学杂志

The oral cavity is the second largest microbial bank in humans after the intestinal canal, colonizing a large number of microorganisms including viruses, bacteria, archaea, fungi and protozoa. The great number of microbial cells, good DNA stability, and individual has a unique microbial community, these characteristics make the human microbiome expected to become a new biomarker for forensic individual identification. This article describes the characteristics of human oral microorganisms and microbial molecular markers in detail, analyzes the potential application value of microorganisms in forensic individual identification, and reviews the research progress of human oral microorganisms in forensic individual identification.

Clinical observation on Tongdu Tiaoqi acupuncture combined with warming acupuncture for postoperative urinary retention / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the therapeutic effect of Tongdu Tiaoqi acupuncture (acupuncture for unblocking governor vessel and regulating qi ) combined with warming acupuncture, Tongdu Tiaoqi acupuncture, abdominal moxibustion and oral tamsulosin hydrochloride sustained release capsule on postoperative urinary retention.@*METHODS@#A total of 120 patients with postoperative urinary retention were randomized into an acupuncture-moxibustion group, an acupuncture group, a moxibustion group and a medication group, 30 cases in each group. Tongdu Tiaoqi acupuncture combined with warming acupuncture were applied in the acupuncture-moxibustion group. Tongdu Tiaoqi acupuncture was applied at Baihui (GV 20), Shuigou (CV 26) etc. in the acupuncture group. Moxibustion was applied at Qihai (CV 6), Guanyuan (CV 4), Shuidao (ST 28) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) in the moxibustion group. Tamsulosin hydrochloride sustained release capsule was given orally in the medication group. The treatment was once a day, and 5-day treatment was required in each group. Before and after treatment, the residual urine volume of bladder, the visual analogue scale (VAS) score and the time of first urethral catheter removal were observed, and the clinical efficacy was compared in the 4 groups.@*RESULTS@#After treatment, the residual urine volume of bladder was decreased compared before treatment in the 4 groups (P<0.05), and that in the acupuncture-moxibustion group was less than the other 3 groups (P<0.05). After treatment, the VAS scores were decreased compared before treatment in the acupuncture-moxibustion group, the acupuncture group and the moxibustion group (P<0.05), and those in the 3 groups were lower than the medication group (P<0.05). The time of first urethral catheter removal in the acupuncture-moxibustion group was earlier than the other 3 groups (P<0.05). The total effective rate was 93.3% (28/30) in the acupuncture-moxibustion group, which was superior to 63.3% (19/30) in the acupuncture group, 60.0% (18/30) in the moxibustion group and 66.7% (20/30) in the medication group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The therapeutic effect of Tongdu Tiaoqi acupuncture combined with warming acupuncture on postoperative urinary retention is superior to simple acupuncture, abdominal moxibustion and tamsulosin hydrochloride sustained release capsule.

Research progress on the effects of various macro and trace elements on fluorosis / 中华地方病学杂志

Endemic fluorosis is a common biogeochemical disease. Although the etiology is clear, its molecular mechanism is not fully understood. So far, there is no specific method to effectively treat fluorosis, mainly to prevent. In recent years, a large number of studies have confirmed that a variety of macro elements such as calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, and trace elements such as selenium and boron play a positive regulatory role in the occurrence and development of fluorosis, and have different degrees of influence in the body's antagonism against fluorosis. High levels of trace elements such as arsenic, lead, aluminum and chromium are risk factors for fluorosis. In view of the importance of a variety of macro and trace elements in human nutrition and health, this article reviews the latest developments in multiple elements and fluorosis, especially skeletal fluorosis and dental fluorosis, in order to further understand the causes of fluoride-induced health damage, and provide theoretical reference for improving the prevention strategies of fluorosis in a targeted manner.

A randomized controlled study on color stability of tetracycline teeth restored with ceramic veneer / 华西口腔医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#This study aimed to evaluate the color stability of tetracycline teeth restored with ceramic veneers of different thicknesses combined with different resin cement systems after aging.@*METHODS@#Twenty patients with tetracycline teeth, including two maxillary central incisors, were selected clinically. The patients were randomly divided into four groups and restored with 0.5 and 0.75 mm ceramic veneers by using a veneer adhesive system, either with light-cured or dual-cured reaction. The color difference (ΔE) values after cementation and 1, 6, 12, and 24 months of use were obtained by quantification of L*, a*, and b* values with a colorimeter. The results were analyzed statistically with two-way ANOVA and Student's @*RESULTS@#The ΔE values of ceramic veneers detected after aging were less than 2.25. The 0.5 mm groups exhibited greater color change than the 0.75 mm-thick veneers (@*CONCLUSIONS@#Resin cements and veneer thickness influence the color of ceramic veneers after aging. Cementation of veneers with either dual- or light-cured resin cements does not affect the long-term color stability of tetracycline teeth differently.

Clinical and Cytogenetical Characteristics in Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Myelodysplasia-Related Changes / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the clinical and cytogenetic characteristics of acute myeloid leukemia with myelodysplasia-related changes (AML-MRC) based on morphology define.@*METHODS@#A total of 180 newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients were enrolled and retrospectively analyzed, and marrow cell morphology of 126 patients were re-evaluated. The clinical and cytogenetic characteristics, including ages, sex, WBC count, HGB level, PLT count, blasts percentage, abnormal karyotype detection rate of the patients in AML with multilineage dysplasia (AML-MRC-1), secondary AML from myelodysplastic/ myeloproliferative neoplasms (MDS/MPN) (AML-MRC-2), and AML not otherwise specified (AML-NOS) groups were investigated.@*RESULTS@#There was no significant differences between the patients in three groups in terms of sex, age and platelet count (P=0.898, P=0.365, P=0.853), but AML-MRC-2 group (73.2%) was higher than AML-MRC-1 (60.0%) and AML-NOS (56.4%) in the percentages of patients over 60 years old (P=0.228); there were statistically significant differences on WBC count, HGB level, and blasts percentage (P=0.000, P=0.022, P=0.000, AML-MRC-2

Effects of different postoperative analgesic strategies on postoperative neurocognitive function and quality of recovery in elderly patients undergoing one lung ventilation / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the effects of different postoperative analgesic strategies on neurocognitive function and quality of recovery in elderly patients at 7 days after thoracic surgery with one lung ventilation.@*METHODS@#Ninety elderly patients undergoing video-assisted thoracic surgery were randomized into 3 groups (@*RESULTS@#The patients in TA and EA groups had significantly higher MMSE scores and lower incidence of postoperative neurocognitive dysfunction (PNCD) than those in GA group without significant difference between the former two groups. At 7 days after the surgery, serum levels of S100-β and MMP-9 were significantly higher in GA group than in TA and EA group, and did not differ significantly between the latter two groups. QoR-40 scores were significantly higher in TA and EA groups than in GA group, and were higher in TA group than in EA group. The chest intubation time and length of hospital stay were significantly shorter in TA and EA groups than in GA group.@*CONCLUSIONS@#In elderly patients undergoing surgeries with one lung ventilation, general anesthesia combined with either postoperative continuous thoracic paravertebral block or epidural analgesia can significantly improve postoperative neurocognitive function and quality of recovery, but continuous thoracic paravertebral block analgesia can be more advantageous for improving postoperative quality of recovery.

Factors associated with a SARS-CoV-2 recurrence after hospital discharge among patients with COVID-19: systematic review and meta-analysis / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

BACKGROUND@#The proportion of recurrences after discharge among patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was reported to be between 9.1% and 31.0%. Little is known about this issue, however, so we performed a meta-analysis to summarize the demographical, clinical, and laboratorial characteristics of non-recurrence and recurrence groups.@*METHODS@#Comprehensive searches were conducted using eight electronic databases. Data regarding the demographic, clinical, and laboratorial characteristics of both recurrence and non-recurrence groups were extracted, and quantitative and qualitative analyses were conducted.@*RESULTS@#Ten studies involving 2071 COVID-19 cases were included in this analysis. The proportion of recurrence cases involving patients with COVID-19 was 17.65% (between 12.38% and 25.16%) while older patients were more likely to experience recurrence (weighted mean difference (WMD)=1.67, range between 0.08 and 3.26). The time from discharge to recurrence was 13.38 d (between 12.08 and 14.69 d). Patients were categorized as having moderate severity (odds ratio (OR)=2.69, range between 1.30 and 5.58), while those with clinical symptoms including cough (OR=5.52, range between 3.18 and 9.60), sputum production (OR=5.10, range between 2.60 and 9.97), headache (OR=3.57, range between 1.36 and 9.35), and dizziness (OR=3.17, range between 1.12 and 8.96) were more likely to be associated with recurrence. Patients presenting with bilateral pulmonary infiltration and decreased leucocyte, platelet, and CD4@*CONCLUSIONS@#The main factors associated with the recurrence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) after hospital discharge were older age, moderate severity, bilateral pulmonary infiltration, laboratory findings including decreased leucocytes, platelets, and CD4

Advance of Muscle Synergy Theory in Rehabilitation Assessment for Children with Cerebral Palsy (review) / 中国康复理论与实践

The muscle synergy theory starts from the motor control model, focuses on the neural control function. This paper introduced the theory of muscle synergy, the relationship between muscle synergy and conditions of cerebral palsy patients, and its application in cerebral palsy assessment and rehabilitation. More researches are needed to explore on the details of neuromuscular pattern.

Effect of left atrioventricular interphase on cardiac function after dual-chamber pacemaker implantation in patients with high-degree atrioventricular block / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective:To study the effect of left atrioventricular interphase (LAVI) via esophageal electrocardiogram on cardiac function after dual-chamber pacemaker implantation in patients with high-degree atrioventricular block.Methods:Using a prospective approach, 40 patients with high-degree atrioventricular block who would undergo dual-chamber pacemaker implantation from January 2017 to March 2018 in Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated of Dalian Medical University were enrolled. All patients accepted esophageal electrocardiogram tests at 3 months after the implantation, to exam the interatrial conduction time (IACT) of sinus rhythm and pacing rhythm, and interventricular conduction time (IVCT). Then based on the outcome of the echocardiography test, the optimal atrioventricular delay (AVD) of the pacemaker of each patient was determined while the LAVI differed from 100 ms to 150 ms. The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), peak speed of blood flow velocity in early mitral orifice diastole (E), E peak deceleration time (EDT), peak speed of early mitral annular diastolic movement (e′), isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) and left atrial volume (LAV) were tested by echocardiogram before implantation, before AVD adjustment at 3 months after implantation, after AVD adjustment at 3 months after implantation, and 6, 12, and 18 months after implantation. Then, the left atrial volume index (LAV/body surface area) and E/e′ were calculated.Results:Among the 40 patients, the IACT of sinus rhythm was (55.55 ± 10.33) ms, the IACT of pacing rhythm was (93.95 ± 12.77) ms, and the mean IVCT was (63.20 ± 17.84) ms; the optimal LAVI was 110 to 150 (132.00 ± 10.43) ms, and notably, the optimal LAVI between 120 and 140 ms was 82.5% (33/40). The LVEF, EDT, IVRT, left atrial volume index and E/e′ from before AVD adjustment of 3 months after implantation to follow-up endpoint (18 months after implantation) were significantly improved compared with those before implantation, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.01); the EDT and IVRT after AVD adjustment at 3 months after implantation were significantly improved than those before AVD adjustment at 3 months after implantation: (142.15 ± 35.58) ms vs. (125.94 ± 31.13) ms and (119.52 ± 22.15) ms vs. (133.92 ± 23.87) ms, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.05); the IVRT and left atrial volume index 18 months after implantation were significantly improved compared with those before AVD adjustment at 3 months after implantation: (122.07 ± 16.99) ms vs. (133.92 ± 23.87) and 32.94 ± 3.22 vs. 35.43 ± 5.76, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Optimizing the LAVI after dual-chamber pacemaker implantation via esophageal electrocardiogram can improve the long-term prognosis of patients with high-degree atrioventricular block.

Vancomycin pretreatment attenuates acetaminophen-induced liver injury through 2-hydroxybutyric acid / 药物分析学报

Liver injury caused by acetaminophen (AP) overdose is a leading public health problem. Although AP-induced liver injury is well recognized as the formation of N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone (NAPQI), a toxic metabolite of AP, resulting in cell damage, emerging evidence indicates that AP-induced liver injury is also associated with gut microbiota. However, the gut microbiota-involved mechanism remains largely unknown. In our study, we found that vancomycin (Vac) pretreatment (100 mg/kg, twice a day for 4 days) attenuated AP-induced liver injury, altered the composition of gut microbiota, and changed serum metabolic profile. Moreover, we identified Vac pretreatment elevated cecum and serum 2-hydroxybutyric acid (2-HB), which ameliorated AP-induced cell damage and liver injury in mice by reducing AP bioavailability and elevating GSH levels. Our current results revealed the novel role of 2-HB in protecting AP-induced liver injury and add new evidence for gut microbiota in affecting AP toxicity.

Clinical characteristics and prognosis of 132 patients with surgical site infection / 医学研究生学报

ObjectiveSurgical site infection (SSI)is a type of common hospital-acquired wounds. The purpose of this study is to understand its clinical characteristics and prognosis in order to provide evidence for taking appropriate measures.Methods132 wound patients who met the diagnostic criteria of surgical site infection in the wound care center in recent 3 years were enrolled. The patients were treated locally with nanosilver dressing combined with red light and infrared ray. Individualized nutritional recipes and activity prescriptions were given, and the skin was showered every other day to heal or last 2 months.Observation indicators: demographics and wound characteristics; changes of area and depth after14 days intervention; the posi-tive rate of bacteria before and after the intervention, and healing rate and healing time of 2 months were analyzed and compared.ResultsA total of 132 cases of SSI(52.27% superficial and 47.73% deep ) was identified. The average age was 48.33±16.90 years. The average age and gender of the two groups were similar (P>0.05).Peri-wound skin is contaminated in all cases. The mean onset time of SSIs was 19.82±5.64 days, and the median onset time was 20 days. The onset time and duration of deep SSIs were longer than that of superficial SSIs (P0.05), and the depth of deep SSIs was deeper than that of superficial SSIs (P<0.05).The positive rate of bacterial culture inthe deep SSI group (79.31%) was higher than that of the superficial SSI group (59.46%) (P<0.05). After 14 days treatment, the area was smaller, the depth was lower (P<0.05), and the positive rate of bacteria was significantly decreased in the two groups (P<0.05). The healing rate ofsuperficial SSI group (84.06%) was higher than that of deep SSI group (66.67%) (P<0.05) in two months, and the healing time of superficial SSI group was significantly shortened (35.46<11.12 days vs 41.08<11.33 days, P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that negative bacterial culture before intervention increased the healing index (OR=0.190). Long-term use of antibiotics did not promote healing (OR=0.343).ConclusionSuperficial and deep SSIs are common types of SSIs. Gender and age are similar, and skin contamination may play a role in the development of SSI,which needs attention. Local and systemic interventions can effectively improve wound healing. Negative bacterial culture and proper use of antibiotics can improve the healingprobability.

Lipid regulation mechanism and dosage form selection of Xixian Tongshuan Preparation based on molecular simulation methods / 中国中药杂志

Atherosclerosis is the main cause of stroke, and dyslipidemia is the most important risk factor for atherosclerosis. In this paper, pharmacophore and molecular docking models of eight key lipid-lowering targets, namely NPC1 L1, HMG-CoA reductase, SQS, MTP, CETP, PPARα, LXRα and LXRβ, were used to screen out the small molecular database of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), which was made up of ingredients of thirteen Chinese herbal medicines contained in Xixian Tongshuan Preparation. The screening results indicated that the preparation could showed an effect in regulating lipid on target NPC1 L1, HMG-CoA reductase, LXRβ and SQS through four groups of potential active compounds, namely prupersin A in peach kernel and suffruticoside A in gastrodiaelata, limocitrin-β-D-glucoside in Ligusticum chuanxiong, 2'-(2,3-dihydroxybenzoyl)-sweroside in Pinellia ternate and quercitrin in Panax notoginseng, 4-tert-butyl-2-[(5-tert-butyl-2-hydroxy-phenyl)methoxy-methyl]-6-(hydroxymethyl)phenol in Gastrodia elata. Moreover, the properties and extraction process of the most potentialactive compounds were consistent with the preparation process of Xixian Tongshuan Capsules, which indicated that the capsule had more advantages than the pill in the existing two dosage forms of Xixian Tongshuan Preparation. This study analyzed the pharmacodynamic basis and mechanism of Xixian Tongshuan Capsules in regulating lipid for treating stroke, and provided evidence for its further research and clinical application.

Anti-inflammatory mechanism of Xixian Tongshuan Preparation based on molecular simulation methods / 中国中药杂志

Inflammatory response is caused by exogenous and endogenous stimuli,resulting in a non-specific resistance reaction.After acute ischemic cerebral infarction,inflammatory factors gather and adhere in the ischemic area of leukocyte infiltration,and the released inflammatory factors causes the injury cascade,aggravate the brain tissue damage and the symptoms of neurological deficits,and hinder the repair of brain neurons and the recovery of nerve function. In this paper,the key targets in the arachidonic acid metabolic pathway were studied. The Hiphop pharmacophore model of s PLA2-ⅡA and COX-2 inhibitors was built. According tothe two previously constructed 5-LOX and LTA4 H target inhibitors,the pharmacophore model was used to initially screen out the composition database of all of 13 traditional Chinese medicines in Xixian Tongshuan Preparation. The molecular matching study was carried out by selecting the matching value greater than 0. 6,and the component with the CDOCKER score greater than 80% of the original ligand score was used as the potential active inhibitor of the target. Considering the pharmacophore matching value,the molecular docking score and the interaction between the components and the target,one Chuanxiong component and one safflower component were selected as potential inhibitors of s PLA2-ⅡA; two Chuanxiong components,two Panax notoginseng,one safflower component,one angelica component,one valerian component were taken as a potential inhibitor of COX-2; two Gentiana components,one safflower component,one valerian component,one P. notoginseng component and one Angelica component were taken as potential inhibitors of 5-LOX; and two Gentiana components,two Chuanxiong components,and two safflower components were taken as potential inhibitors of LTA4 H. This study screened out the potential inhibitors of the four targets in a high-efficiency and low-cost manner,and explained that Xixian Tongshuan Preparation showed an effect in the treatment of inflammatory responses caused by ischemic stroke by acting both LOX pathway and COX pathway in the metabolic pathway.

Comparison of three time series models in predicting the incidence of healthcare-associated infection / 中国感染控制杂志

Objective To compare and evaluate the effect of different time series models in predicting incidence of healthcare-associated infection (HAI), and explore the best model for predicting incidence of HAI.Methods Seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model, nonlinear autoregressive neural network (NARNN), and ARIMA-back propagation neural network (ARIMA-BPNN) combination model were constructed based on fitting dataset of monthly HAI incidence from 2011 to 2016 (72 months) in a tertiary first-class hospital in Shanghai, predicting dataset of monthly infection incidence from January to December 2017 were used to test the predictive effect of model, the predictive effect of different models was evaluated and compared.Results For the fitting dataset, mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of ARIMA, NARNN, and ARIMA-BPNN combination model were 13.00％, 14.61％, and 11.95％respectively;and for the predicting dataset, MAPE of ARIMA, NARNN, and ARIMA-BPNN combination model were 15.42％, 26.31％, and 14.87％ respectively.Conclusion Three time series models can effectively predict the incidence of HAI, of which the ARIMA-BPNN combination model showed the best performance in fitting and predicting the occurrence of HAI in this hospital, and can provide data support for the hospital decision-making.

Anti-platelet aggregation mechanism of Xixian Tongshuan Preparation based on molecular simulation methods / 中国中药杂志

The thrombus is a deposit that is formed on the surface of the endovascular or at the site of repair,and known as the main complication of cardiovascular disease and the cause of death. At the same time,thrombus is mainly treated by the following three ways: anticoagulation,anti-platelet aggregation and thrombolysis. In this study,the chemical constituents of seven traditional Chinese medicines in the Xixian Tongshuan Preparation were collected to construct a component database. Subsequently,the pharmacophore were used to screen out the component database,and molecular docking was used to screen out the results of pharmacophore for explaining the material basis and mechanism that Xixian Tongshuan Preparation exerts anti-thrombotic activity by inhibiting platelet aggregation. First of all,P2 Y12,GPⅡb/Ⅲa and PAR1 were selected as study vectors,the optimal models of inhibitors were obtained respectively through verification and evaluation of the pharmacophore models. Afterwards,the component database was screened out by the optimal pharmacophore models of PAR1,P2 Y12 and GP Ⅱ b/Ⅲ a,and the molecular docking method was used to further refine the screening results. The screening results indicated that the anti-platelet aggregation effect of Xixian Tongshuan Preparation was correlated with the inhibition of P2 Y12,PAR1 and GPⅡb/Ⅲa expressions with saffower yellower,hirudin and candidin and notoginseng triterpenes,folinic acid,respectively. The material basis and mechanism of anti-platelet aggregation of Xixian Tongshuan Preparation provided a theoretical basis for the clinical use of the preparation and the lead compounds for the development of anti-platelet aggregation drugs.